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目的分析枣庄市麻疹不同控制阶段病例年龄分布及免疫水平,为消除麻疹提供参考。方法对枣庄市1979年-2012年麻疹发病资料及免疫水平分析。结果消除麻疹阶段(Ⅳ阶段:2006-2012年),麻疹发病率<1岁婴儿和≥20岁成人升高,分别为177.04/10万和3.61/10万;病例构成由计划免疫初期阶段(Ⅰ阶段:1979年-1985年)学龄前儿童(42.11%)和学龄儿童(34.41%)为主,向<1岁婴儿(49.25%)和≥20岁成人(24.63%)转变。Ⅰ~Ⅳ阶段麻疹抗体阳性率,育龄妇女、6月龄婴儿、20岁~40岁成人,分别降至82.05%、8.93%和85.71%,与病例年龄分布相一致。结论研究育龄妇女和成人麻疹免疫方案,对降低婴儿及成人麻疹发病,实现消除麻疹目标具有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the age distribution and immune status of measles cases in different control stages in Zaozhuang City and provide reference for eliminating measles. Methods to analyze the incidence and immunization status of measles from 1979 to 2012 in Zaozhuang City. Results The measles phase (Stage Ⅳ: 2006-2012), measles incidence in infants <1 year old and adults ≥20 years old were increased by 177.04 / 100 000 and 3.61 / 100 000, respectively; Stage: 1979-1985), preschool children (42.11%) and school-age children (34.41%) were mainly changed to infants <1 year old (49.25%) and adults> 20 years old (24.63%). The positive rate of measles antibody in Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ stage was lower in women of childbearing age, 6-month-olds and adults aged 20 to 40 years, reaching 82.05%, 8.93% and 85.71%, respectively, which was consistent with the age distribution of cases. Conclusions Researching measles immunization programs for women of childbearing age and adults is of great importance in reducing the incidence of measles in infants and adults and achieving measles elimination goals.