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本研究分析了亚洲棉(Gossypium arboreum L.,2n=26,A2)×司笃克氏棉(G.stocksii Mast.in Hook..2n=26,E_1)、陆地棉(G.hirsutum L.,2n=52,(AD)1)×异常棉(G.anomalum Wawra.& Peyer.,2n;=26,B1)和陆地棉×雷蒙德氏棉(G.raimondii Ulbr.,2n=26,Ds)3个种间杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂时的染色体行为;并观测了杂种F_1的花粉粒大小和生活力。结果表明,在种间杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂的四分体形成时期,常出现一些多分孢子和微核.杂种F_1的花粉生活力和发芽率都显著地低于双亲。3个种间杂种F_1减数分裂中期Ⅰ所表现的染色体构型各不相同,亚洲棉×司笃克氏棉F_1为12.40 Ⅰ+5.50 Ⅱ+0.45 Ⅲ+0.32 Ⅳ,陆地棉×异常棉F_1为25.59Ⅰ+5.81Ⅱ+0.2 Ⅲ+0.27Ⅳ,陆地棉×雷蒙德氏棉F_1为12.44Ⅰ+12.17Ⅱ+0.37Ⅲ+0.27Ⅳ。根据各杂交组合染色体配对的表现,讨论了这些棉种间的亲缘关系和棉花种间杂种的利用问题。
In this study, the effects of Gossypium arboreum L. (2n = 26, A2) G.stocksii Mast.in Hook..2n = 26, E_1, G. hirsutum L. 2n = 52, (AD) 1) × abnormal cotton (G. anomalum Wawra. & Peyer., 2n; = 26, B1) and G. raimondii Ulbr., 2n = 26, Ds The chromosome behavior at meiosis of F_1 pollen mother cells of three interspecific hybrids was observed. The pollen grain size and viability of F1 hybrids were observed. The results showed that during the tetrad formation of interspecific hybrid F_1 pollen mother cells, some microspores and micronuclei often appeared.The pollen viability and germination rate of F1 hybrids were significantly lower than those of parents. The chromosomal configurations of the three interspecific hybrid F 1 meiosis metaphase Ⅰ were different. F_1 of F. xylostella cotton was 12.40 Ⅰ + 5.50 Ⅱ + 0.45 Ⅲ + 0.32 Ⅳ, 25.59Ⅰ + 5.81Ⅱ + 0.2Ⅲ + 0.27Ⅳ, and the upland cotton × Raymond cotton F_1 was 12.44Ⅰ + 12.17Ⅱ + 0.37Ⅲ + 0.27Ⅳ. According to the performance of chromosome pairing in each crosses, the genetic relationship among these cotton species and the utilization of interspecific hybrids in cotton were discussed.