为改善工程项目现场作业安全状况,需要对安全标志的有效性进行评价。通过划分施工人员的认知行为阶段,从人机工程学系统优化的角度构建安全标志有效性评价指标体系,确立指标打分规则,采用网络层次分析法(ANP),运用超级决策(SD)软件确定指标权重、综合评分,并加以示例说明。结果表明:安全标志的有效性受注意阶段的显著性、识别阶段的可理解性、判断阶段的安全倾向性和行为阶段的易遵守性交互影响,其中,安全倾向性权重值最高。 In order to improve the safety status of construction site work, the effectiveness of safety signs needs to be evaluated. By dividing the stage of cognitive behavior of construction workers, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of safety signs validity from the perspective of ergonomic system optimization, sets up the index scoring rules, and uses the network level analytic method (ANP) and the super decision-making (SD) software to determine Indicator weight, composite score, and give an example. The results show that the effectiveness of safety signs is influenced by the notability of attention phase, the comprehensibility of recognition phase, the security bias of judgment phase and the compliance of behavior phase. Among them, the security bias weight value is the highest.