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心理时间旅行使个体主观地将自我定位到曾经经历过的事件来重新体验自己的过去(情景记忆),或将自我定位到未来预先体验某个事件(情景预见)。本研究比较了孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童和智力匹配的正常发展(TD)儿童的心理时间旅行能力,发现:(1)相对于TD,ASD儿童的情景记忆和情景预见能力受损;(2)与TD不同,ASD儿童的情景记忆和情景预见没有建立联系。结果提示,ASD儿童情景预见的损伤可能与情景记忆及其与情景预见的关系受损有关。
Mental time travel enables individuals to subjectively locate themselves to events that have been experienced to re-experience their past (episodic memory), or to locate themselves in the future to experience an event in advance (situational foresight). This study compared the mental-time travel abilities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intelligence-matched normal development (TD) and found that: (1) ASD children had impaired episodic memory and situational predictability relative to TD; ( 2) Unlike TD, there is no association between ASD children’s episodic memory and scenario foresight. The results suggest that the predicted impairment of ASD children’s scenarios may be related to impairment of contextual memory and its relationship with situational predictions.