目的探究专科药师的设立对儿科住院抗菌药物合理使用的干预效果。方法本院自2014年4月在儿科临床用药中进行药师干预,从干预前后收治的患儿中各随机抽取110例作为研究对象,对干预前后患儿的临床用药情况进行全面细致的总结分析。结果在进行干预前所使用的抗菌药物多为限制级以及特殊级抗菌药物,而对于非限制级抗菌药物的使用频率相对较低。在进行干预之后非限制级抗菌药物的使用率以及种类明显增多,而限制级以及特殊级抗菌药物使用率明显降低。干预后抗菌药物使用率以及不合理使用率分别为100.00%、20.91%,较干预前的65.45%、4.17%明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后抗菌药物二联及三联用药率分别为5.56%、0,较干预前的19.09%、5.45%明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床专科药师干预有效地促进了儿科住院抗菌药物的合理使用,减少了特殊级、限制级抗菌药物的使用率以及多种抗菌药物联用情况的发生,值得在临床上推广使用。 Objective To explore the intervention effect of the establishment of specialist pharmacists on rational use of pediatric inpatient antimicrobial agents. Methods Since April 2014, our hospital has conducted pharmacist intervention in pediatric clinical medicine. 110 children randomly selected from before and after the intervention were selected as the study subjects, and the clinical medication in children before and after the intervention was comprehensively and concisely analyzed. Results The antibacterials used prior to the intervention were mostly restricted and special classes of antibacterials, while the use of non-limiting antibacterials was relatively low. After intervention, there was a significant increase in the use and type of non-restricted antimicrobial agents, while the use of restricted and special antimicrobial agents was significantly reduced. After the intervention, the rates of antibiotics use and unreasonable use rates were 100.00% and 20.91%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of 65.45% and 4.17% before intervention (P <0.05). After intervention, the antibacterial drug combination rates of two groups and three groups were 5.56%, 0, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of 19.09% and 5.45% before intervention, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The intervention of clinical pharmacists effectively promoted rational use of pediatric inpatient antibacterials, reduced the usage of special classes and restricted antibacterials, and the combination of multiple antibacterials. It is worth to be popularized in clinic.