论文部分内容阅读
校勘是用同一部书的不同版本和有关资料加以比较,考订文字的异同,目的在于确定原文的真相。由于校勘是以古代文献为研究对象的,因此,它与文字学、音韵学和训诂学都有着密切的联系。一方面校勘是传统训诂学的一项重要内容,另一方面校勘的成果反过来又能纠正古代文献中的误字、脱文、衍文、错乱等错误,使扦格难通的词句文从字顺。 众所周知,《汉书》在撰写人物传纪时,凡是《史记》中已写过的人物,《汉书》基本上是抄《史记》,只不过内容有所增删,文字有所改易。如果我们把《史记》与《汉书》加以对照,校勘其用字的差异,则往往可以据此来探求和诠释出两书中的某些疑难词句,而无需借助于古注或工具书。此可谓读古书之一法。兹举例予以说明。
Collation is to compare the different versions of the same book with the relevant information, and to test the similarities and differences of the texts in order to determine the truth of the original text. Since collation is based on ancient documents, it is closely related to philology, phonology and exegetics. On the one hand, the collation is an important part of the traditional training theory. On the other hand, the results of the collation can in turn correct the mistakes in the ancient literature, such as mistypes, clashes, Shun. As we all know, “Han” in the writing of biography, all the characters that have been written in “Historical Records”, “Han” basically copied “Historical Records”, but the content has been added and deleted, the text has been changed. If we compare the historical records with the Han dynasties and collate the differences in their use of words, we can often seek out and interpret some of the difficult sentences in the two books without resorting to ancient notes or reference books. This can be described as reading one of the ancient books. Give an example to illustrate.