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塔里木盆地中、下奥陶统碳酸盐岩地层为古岩溶发育和海相缝洞型油气藏的主要分布层位,该类型油气藏主要储集空间为溶蚀作用和构造过程形成的次生孔隙、洞穴和裂缝,是寻找大型油气藏的主要目标.论文通过比较塔北地区和塔中地区储集层岩石孔隙度和渗透率,按储层成因将孔-洞-缝油藏划分为洞穴型储层、构造裂缝型储层、风化裂隙型储层、台缘礁滩相颗粒灰岩溶蚀孔隙型储层和地表残积物裂隙-孔隙(洞)型储层等5种类型.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏成藏控制因素包括:(1)长期继承性的古隆起和古斜坡;(2)断层和不整合面;(3)次生孔-洞-缝储层的发育和有效盖层结合.多源、长期成藏,早期储层改造和后期调整是塔里木盆地油藏的主要特征,并决定了资源结构和油气特性。
The middle and lower Ordovician carbonate strata in Tarim Basin are the main distribution layers of paleokarst development and marine seam-cavity reservoirs. The main reservoir space of this type of reservoirs is secondary porosity formed by dissolution and tectonic process , Caves and fractures are the main targets for finding large oil and gas reservoirs.Based on the comparison of reservoir rock porosity and permeability in Tarim Basin and Tazhong area, the paper divides the pore-cave-seam reservoir into cave-type Reservoirs, structural fractured reservoirs, weathered fractured reservoirs, carbonate rock faulted pores reservoirs in the marginal reef littoral facies, and fissure-pore (reservoir) fractures of surface sediments, etc. The Ordovician, Tarim Basin, The controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the carbonate reservoirs include: (1) long-standing successional paleo-uplift and paleo-slope; (2) fault and unconformity; (3) secondary pore-borehole-reservoir development and Effective cover formation.Multi-source, long-term reservoir formation, early reservoir modification and post-adjustment are the main features of the Tarim Basin reservoirs and determine the resource structure and hydrocarbon characteristics.