本文研究了反极性弱等离子弧的四个基本特性:阴极雾化特性;电弧能量密度的可控性;电弧压力的径向分布特性及电弧的热特性。此外,还对等离子弧燃烧的稳定性、电弧的静特性以及粉末堆焊枪体、堆焊质量和焊道形成机理进行了研究。认为,反极性弱等离子弧是一种理想的堆焊热源。 In this paper, we study the four basic properties of the reverse polarity weak plasma arc: the cathode atomization characteristics; the controllability of the arc energy density; the radial distribution of the arc pressure and the thermal characteristics of the arc. In addition, the stability of the plasma arc combustion, the static characteristics of the arc and the powder cladding gun body, welding quality and weld bead formation mechanism were also studied. It is considered that the reverse polarity weak plasma arc is an ideal heat source for surfacing welding.