明堂是古代中国重要的宗教政治建筑，它是“天时”的观测地点，也是“人时”的颁授的场所。明堂与月令有着密切的时空配合关系。楚帛书所描绘的楚地月令图像结构是古代时空观念并置的有力物证。三星堆文化也提供了古代祭天的重要实物资料。文献与考古的直接或间接资料说明古代的确存在过明堂制度，汉代复兴明堂虽有增饰的成份，但明堂祭祀、定历、施政的功能早就出现，并非是“后儒的发明”。 Mingtang is an important religious and political building in ancient China. It is the place where Tianzhu is observed and the place where “human time” is awarded. Ming Tang and the month has a close relationship with time and space. The image structure of Chu land and moon order depicted by Chu silk book is a powerful evidence of the juxtaposition of ancient concepts of space and time. Sanxingdui culture also provides important material information of ancient worship. The direct and indirect data of literature and archeology show that there existed the Mingtang system in ancient times. Although the Ming dynasty revived the Ming dynasty, it has long been a feature of sacrificial rites, calendar and administration, and it is not the invention of Confucianism.