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目的 用微卫星 DNA基因扫描和分型技术建立双生子卵型鉴定法。方法 选取 6 9对同性别双生子、6对异性别双生子和 17对同胞对 ,抽提基因组 DNA。单盲设计 ,随机编号后 ,采用 9对荧光标记的、在中国人群中具有高度杂合度的短串联重复序列 (short tandem repeat,STR)引物 ,进行基因扫描和分型分析 ,根据这 9个 STR基因型的一致性来鉴别卵型。结果 9个 STR基因型完全一致的 6 3对受检者全部为同性别双生子。 6对异性别双生子和 17对同胞对的 STR基因型均不完全一致。另有 6对同性别双生子的 STR基因型也不完全一致。经计算采用 6个或 5个 STR位点判定同性别同卵双生的可信性分别大于99.6 %和 99%。采用全部 9个位点判定同性别同卵双生的可信性大于 99.95 %。结论 STR基因扫描和分型技术为在基因组水平上直接判别双生子卵型 ,提供了一种准确、可靠的鉴定方法 ,它还有快速、简便等优点。
Objective To establish twin embryo identification method using microsatellite DNA gene scanning and typing technology. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from 69 pairs of identical twins, 6 pairs of heterosexual twins and 17 pairs of siblings. Single-blind design and random numbering, 9 pairs of fluorescently labeled short tandem repeat (STR) primers with high degree of heterozygosity in Chinese population were used for gene scanning and typing analysis. According to these 9 STRs Genotype consistency to identify egg types. Results Six of the 9 STR genotypes were identical, all of whom were identical twins. 6 pairs of heterosexual twins and 17 pairs of sibling STR genotypes are not exactly the same. Another six pairs of same-sex twins STR genotypes are not exactly the same. The credibility of the same-sex identical twins was calculated to be greater than 99.6% and 99%, respectively, using 6 or 5 STR loci. Using all 9 sites to determine the same sex twins credibility is greater than 99.95%. Conclusion The STR gene scanning and typing technique provides an accurate and reliable identification method for discriminating twin egg directly at the genome level. It also has the advantages of fastness and simplicity.