中国的文学理论(现代学科意义上)出现于20世纪,至今也该庆祝它的“百年诞辰”了。但是回想起来,文学理论建设的成绩在总体上似乎是不能令人满意的。现代科学发展的前提是社会分化以及与此相应的学科分化,而这种分化又是现代性的一个面相。现代社会的特点是社会的各个部门各司其职,各有自己的合理化机制;而学科的分化乃社会分化的一个部分并以前者为前提。不幸的是,中国的现代化进程极其艰难,因而社会分化与相关的学科分化也就总是千呼万唤出不来。正是因为中国社会性 Chinese literary theory (in the modern sense of the discipline) appeared in the 20th century and so far it is time to celebrate its “100th Birthday.” In retrospect, on the whole, the achievements in the construction of literary theory seem unsatisfactory. The precondition for the development of modern science is social differentiation and corresponding disciplinary differentiation, which is another aspect of modernity. The characteristic of modern society is that all social departments play their respective roles and have their own rationalization mechanisms. The division of disciplines is a part of social division and takes the former as the precondition. Unfortunately, the process of China’s modernization has been extremely difficult. As a result, social differentiation and the related disciplinary differentiation have always been elusive. It is because of China’s sociality