虽然经验性抗生素治疗常用于鼻窦炎，但抗生素耐药性的出现增加了这种方法的失败率。鼻窦炎中β－内酰脂酶生成性微生物的增加可解释许多治疗失败的原因；另一现象是对青霉素耐药的肺炎链球菌的出现。若耐药性微生物治疗前能确定，肯定能提高有效治疗。鼻腔和鼻咽部培养物不可 Although empirical antibiotic therapy is commonly used in sinusitis, the emergence of antibiotic resistance increases the failure rate of this approach. An increase in beta-lactamase-producing microorganisms in sinusitis explains many of the causes of treatment failure; another is the emergence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae. If the drug-resistant microorganisms can be determined before treatment, certainly can improve the effective treatment. Nasal and nasopharyngeal cultures are not available