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目的开展建设项目职业病危害评价工作,了解北京市大兴区各类型企业职业病危害因素存在的特点及现状,找出建设单位职业卫生管理工作的不足。方法运用现场调查法、检查表法、检测检验法和职业健康检查法相结合的方法,对2003年10月至2009年10月间33家企业建设项目进行评价与分析。结果 33家企业主要集中在化工、家具、印刷、制造、建材行业,职业病危害因素检测合格率为88.6%,职业健康检查率为40.2%。其中,民营企业21家,占63.6%,生产规模较小,自动化程度较低,防护措施、人员个体防护、职业卫生管理工作存在不足,职业病危害因素检测合格率为83.5%,一线员工职业健康检查率为30.2%,均相对偏低。结论发挥职业卫生技术服务机构技术、能力优势,做好建设项目职业病危害评价工作十分必要。民营企业的职业卫生管理工作是今后大兴区职业卫生工作的重点,其中生产规模较小、职业病危害较严重、自动化程度较低、生产设备和防护设施相对落后的企业建设项目职业病危害评价工作更是重中之重。
Objective To carry out evaluation of occupational hazards in construction projects and understand the characteristics and current status of occupational hazards in all types of enterprises in Daxing District, Beijing, and to find out the deficiencies of occupational health management in construction units. Methods The methods of on-the-spot investigation, checklist, testing and occupational health examination were used to evaluate and analyze 33 construction projects from October 2003 to October 2009. Results 33 enterprises mainly concentrated in the chemical, furniture, printing, manufacturing and building materials industries. The occupational disease hazard detection rate was 88.6% and the occupational health examination rate was 40.2%. Among them, 21 are private-owned enterprises, accounting for 63.6%. The production scale is relatively small, and the degree of automation is low. There are not enough protective measures, personal protection and occupational health management. The passing rate of occupational hazards is 83.5% The rate was 30.2%, both relatively low. Conclusion It is necessary to give full play to the technical and competence advantages of the occupational health technology service agencies and do a good job in the evaluation of occupational hazards in construction projects. Occupational health management in private enterprises is the focus of occupational health work in Daxing District in the future. Among them, the smaller the scale of production, the more serious the occupational diseases, the lower the degree of automation, the more serious the evaluation of occupational hazards in the enterprise construction projects with relatively backward production equipment and protective facilities Top priority.