回顾物理学的发展史,不少物理学家在研究物理问题,探索未知世界的进程中,往往是以“假设”为导引的. 假设推理法是一种科学的思维方法,这就要求我们针对研究对象,根据物理过程,灵活运用规律,大胆假设,突破思维方法上的局限性,使问题化繁为简,化难为易.今举例说明之. 一、物理过程的假设例1.总质量为M的列车,沿水平直线轨道匀速前进,其末节车厢质量为m,中途脱钧,司机发现时,机车已行驶t秒时间,于是立即关闭阀门,除去牵引力,若运动的阻力与车重成正比,机车的牵引力是恒定的.试证明列车的两部分都停止时,机车比末节车 Looking back at the history of physics, many physicists are often guided by “hypothesis” in the process of studying physics problems and exploring the unknown world. Hypothetical reasoning is a scientific way of thinking, which requires us to For the research object, according to the physical process, flexibly using the law, bold assumptions, breaking the limitations of thinking methods, so that the problem becomes simple and simple, difficult to change. This example illustrates. First, the physical process assumptions Example 1. The total mass For the M train, it travels along a straight horizontal track. The mass of the final carriage is m, and it dislocates halfway. When the driver discovers it, the locomotive has been driving for t seconds, and immediately closes the valve to remove the traction. If the resistance of the movement is equal to the weight of the vehicle Proportionally, the traction of the locomotive is constant. It is proved that when the two parts of the train are stopped, the locomotive is more than the final vehicle.