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为了确定生防菌新月弯孢菌Culvularia lunata菌株J15(2)的安全性及防除稗草的潜力,研究了该菌株的寄主范围,接种孢子时稗草叶龄、接种后保湿时间、接种浓度对该菌株致病力的影响,土壤带菌对稗草出苗的影响,以及与化学除草剂的相互作用。结果显示,菌株J15(2)只能在稗草上侵染并扩展;接种孢子后保湿24 h,对2叶期稗草抑制率可达55.6%,对1.5叶期稗草抑制率可达100%;保湿48 h,对2叶期稗草防效提高至91.6%;接种孢子量需达1012孢子/hm2才能较好地抑制稗草生长;土壤带菌亦可抑制稗草生长。该菌与化学除草剂精噁唑禾草灵或二氯喹啉酸混用能显著提高除稗效果,菌株J15(2)3.3×1012孢子/hm2分别与精噁唑禾草灵有效剂量3.83 g/hm2、二氯喹啉酸有效剂量250.00 g/hm2混用,对稗草防效分别为99.5%和88.6%,远高于这两个除草剂单用时的药效。该试验结果表明,菌株J15(2)具有作为微生物除草剂的开发潜力。
In order to determine the safety of the biocontrol strain Culvularia lunata strain J15 (2) and its potential for controlling barnyardgrass, the host range of the strain, the leaf age of barnyardgrass when inoculated with spores, the moisturizing time after inoculation, the inoculation concentration On the pathogenicity of the strain, the impact of soil-borne germination of barnyardgrass, and the interaction with chemical herbicides. The results showed that the strain J15 (2) could infect and expand on barnyardgrass only. After inoculation of spores for 24 h, the inhibition rate to barnyardgrass at 2-leaf stage reached 55.6%, and the inhibition rate to barnyardgrass at 1.5-leaf stage reached 100 %. After 48 h of moisturization, the control efficacy of barnyard grass at 2-leaf stage increased to 91.6%. Inoculation of spores needed 1012 spores / hm2 to inhibit the growth of barnyardgrass better. The fungus and the chemical herbicide fenoxaprop, or quinclorac mixed with can significantly improve the addition of barnyardgrass effect, strain J15 (2) 3.3 × 1012 spores / hm2 and fenoxaprop the effective dose of 3.83 g / hm2 , And the effective dose of quinclorac with 250.00 g / hm2 was 99.5% and 88.6%, respectively, much higher than that of the two herbicides alone. This test result shows that strain J15 (2) has the potential for development as a microbial herbicide.