煤巷锚杆支护技术在我国煤矿巷道支护中应用越来越广泛,但是目前对树脂锚杆极限锚固承载力的无损检测仍没有找到一种非常准确、有效地方法,因此进行锚杆极限锚固承载力的无损动力检测研究具有非常重要的现实意义。首先根据树脂锚杆的结构特点建立了锚杆的纵向振动力学模型,解析分析了锚杆非锚固端、锚固端的波动特征,得到锚固段锚固界面粘结刚度与锚固结束端的反射波能量的线性相关性,粘结刚度越高,锚固结束端的反射波子波数也越多,反射波能量越强;然后综合分析了锚杆锚固段的剪应力分布特征,得到了锚固段极限锚固承载力的计算公式;研究结果表明:采用瞬态激振弹性波法进行锚固段极限锚固承载力无损检测是可行的。 Coal roadway bolting technology is widely used in China’s coal mine roadway support, but at present, there is still not a very accurate and effective method for non-destructive testing of the ultimate anchorage capacity of resin anchors. Therefore, Research on the non-destructive dynamic testing of anchoring capacity has very important practical significance. Firstly, the longitudinal vibration mechanics model of the bolt is established according to the structural characteristics of the resin bolt. The fluctuation characteristics of the anchorage end and the anchorage end are analyzed and analyzed. The linear correlation between the bond stiffness of the anchor interface and the reflected wave energy at the anchorage end is obtained The higher the bond strength is, the more the number of reflected wavelets at the end of the anchorage is, and the more the reflected wave energy is. Then, the distribution characteristics of the shear stress in the anchor section are analyzed comprehensively, and the formula of the ultimate anchorage capacity of the anchorage section is obtained. The results show that it is feasible to use non-destructive testing of the limit anchoring capacity of the anchorage zone by the transient excitation elastic wave method.