分形理论从确立至今已有20多年的时间,将分形理论应用于解决岩土工程问题已逐渐完善起来。介绍了分形几何的发展历程以及分形理论研究中的数学理论基础,归纳了分形理论研究的几种常用方法,总结了前人在相关领域的研究成果,并对其在岩土工程问题研究中的土的微结构分形、节理表面的分维、分维和岩石质量系数(RQD)间的关系、分形损伤以及分形断裂等方面的应用作了较为详细的阐述。 Fractal theory has been established more than 20 years ago, applying fractal theory to solving geotechnical engineering problems has been gradually improved. This paper introduces the development of fractal geometry and the mathematical theory of fractal theory, summarizes some common methods of fractal theory research, summarizes the predecessors’ research results in the related fields, and discusses its application in geotechnical engineering problems The microstructure fractal of soil, the fractal dimension of fractured surface, the relationship between fractal dimension and rock quality coefficient (RQD), fractal damage and fractal fractures are all described in detail.