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我国地震区分布较广。由于地震的发生,往往对城乡各类建筑物造成不同程度的破坏,但地震灾害是可以认识和预防的。我国解放后,特别是无产阶级文化大革命以来,基本建设战线广大职工在毛主席革命路线指引下,积极贯彻预防为主的方针,在建筑抗震设计理论和实践中都取得很大成绩和经验。通过对震后各类建筑物震害情况的调查,可以更好地认识地震破坏作用的规律和判断各类建筑物的抗震性能,有助于建筑抗震理论的完善和在建筑实践中采取适当的防震、抗震措施,更好地确保人民生命安全,使国家经济建设、工农业生产和人民生活不受或少受损失。为此,本刊这一期刊登国家建委建筑科学研究院工程抗震研究所调查组和辽宁省建筑设计院分别对某些震区震后各种建筑物震害情况的调查报告三篇。这些文章概述了各类建筑物在各种烈度地震作用下的震害情况,探讨了它们的破坏规律和原因,提出了建筑物防震、抗震的一些措施以及在建筑设计和施工中应注意的事项等,可供读者借鉴。
The earthquake area in China is widely distributed. Due to the occurrence of earthquakes, various types of buildings in urban and rural areas are often destroyed to varying degrees, but earthquake disasters can be recognized and prevented. Since the liberation of China, especially since the proletarian cultural revolution, the majority of workers in the basic construction front have actively implemented the principle of prevention as the main principle under the guidance of Chairman Mao’s revolutionary line, and have made great achievements and experiences in the theory and practice of building seismic design. By investigating the earthquake damage situation of various types of buildings after earthquakes, we can better understand the laws of earthquake damage and determine the seismic performance of various types of buildings, which will contribute to the improvement of building earthquake resistance theory and adopt proper construction practices. Earthquake prevention and anti-seismic measures will better ensure the safety of people’s lives and make the country’s economic construction, industrial and agricultural production, and people’s lives free from or less likely to suffer losses. To this end, this issue of the publication of the National Construction Engineering Research Institute of Building Research Institute of Earthquake Research Institute of the Institute and Liaoning Province, Architectural Design Institute, respectively, after the earthquake in some earthquakes, earthquake damage of various buildings in three reports. These articles provide an overview of the earthquake damage of various types of buildings under various types of seismic intensity, discuss their damage laws and causes, and propose some measures for earthquake protection and earthquake resistance of buildings as well as matters needing attention in the design and construction of buildings. And so on, for readers to learn from.