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无临床症状的糖尿病前驱期,在需用胰岛素治疗,即急性代谢失代偿之前,以多种免疫学异常为特征。最特异的、而且与静脉注射葡萄糖后胰岛素反应第一时相明显降低有关的免疫学标志,是直接针对胰岛细胞膜抗原的补体结合胰岛细胞抗体(I-CA)。与之相对比的则是与胰岛素分子本身特异性结合的胰岛素自身抗体。直到最近,胰岛素自身抗体自发出现的报告,仅见于已用他巴唑或甲亢平治疗的某些甲状腺毒症病人。在自身免疫性内分泌疾病时很少发现对应激素及产生激素的细胞的自体抗体。
Prophylaxis of diabetes without clinical symptoms is characterized by a variety of immunological abnormalities before requiring insulin therapy, ie, acute metabolic decompensation. The most specific immunological marker associated with a marked decrease in the first phase of insulin response after intravenous glucose injection is directed against the complement-bound islet cell antibody (I-CA) of the pancreatic membrane antigen. In contrast with the insulin molecule itself is specific binding of insulin autoantibodies. Until recently, reports of spontaneous insulin autoantibodies occurred only in some thyrotoxicosis patients who had been treated with methimazole or hyperthyroidism. In autoimmune endocrine diseases seldom found autoantibodies to hormones and hormone-producing cells.