论文部分内容阅读
基于观测资料分析，本文讨论了与东亚冬季风（EAWM）异常活动相联系的海－陆－气系统的特征，指出它往往是随后亚洲夏季风异常的一个信号。我们分析并确定了一类重要的海气耦合模态，即EAWM。它所包含的海－气双向相互作用，使该模态的SSTA分布得以发展和持续。特别是在西太平洋和南海等关键地区，SSTA异常将从冬季维持到夏季。在强冬季风年，青藏高原积雪冬季在其东部出现负距平区，春季则延伸到高原西北部。SSTA及高原积雪分布，共同构成调制亚洲季风环流的重要因子，它将有助于1）随后南海季风和季风降水的增强；2）梅雨期西太平洋副高偏北，长江流域少雨；3）夏季我国东北和日本多雨；4）阿拉伯海和印度东北多雨，而印度西南部及孟加拉湾少雨。总之，强EAWM及相联的海气相互作用，一定程度上，预示着亚洲夏季风的活动特征。
Based on the observed data, this paper discusses the characteristics of the sea-land-gas system associated with anomalous activity of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), pointing out that it is often a sign of subsequent Asian summer monsoon anomalies. We analyzed and identified an important class of air-sea coupling modes, EAWM. It contains the sea-gas two-way interaction, so that the modal SSTA distribution can be developed and sustained. Especially in key areas such as the Western Pacific and South China Sea, SSTA anomalies will be maintained from winter to summer. During the strong winter monsoon, the snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau occurs negative anomaly in its eastern part in winter and extends to the northwest part of the plateau in spring. SSTA and the snow cover of the plateau together constitute an important factor in the modulation of the Asian monsoon circulation. This will contribute to 1) the subsequent enhancement of the SCS monsoon and monsoon precipitation; 2) the subtropical high in the western Pacific during the rainy season and less rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin; 3) Summer, northeast China and Japan rainy; 4) rainy Arabian Sea and northeastern India rainy, and less rain in southwestern India and the Bay of Bengal. In conclusion, the strong EAWM and associated air-sea interaction, to a certain extent, indicate the characteristics of the activities of the Asian summer monsoon.