羊水是胎儿生长和发育的必须环境。胎儿在母体子宫内,漂浮于羊水中,检查羊水和羊水中的脱屑细胞,能反应胎儿的生理与病理状态。羊水诊断就是通过对孕妇作羊膜穿刺,取羊水进行检查,以确定胎儿的健康状况,判断胎儿成熟程度及诊断胎儿某些疾病的一种方法。目前,国内外已广泛应用于胎儿医学的研究,并愈来愈引起人们的关注和社会的重视。 Amniotic fluid is an essential environment for fetal growth and development. Fetus in the mother’s uterus, floating in amniotic fluid, check the amniotic fluid and amniotic fluid desquamation cells, can reflect the physiological and pathological status of the fetus. Amniotic fluid diagnosis is through the amniocentesis for pregnant women, taking amniotic fluid to check to determine the health status of the fetus to determine the degree of fetal maturity and diagnosis of certain diseases of the fetus a way. At present, it has been widely used in the research of fetal medicine both at home and abroad, and has drawn more and more attention and social attention.