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北美地区的中国现代文学(和文化)研究自从20世纪80年代末发生“理论转向”以来,已发生诸多深刻的变化。这种新的状态产生了一批以广义的“文化研究”命名的学术专著,亦出现了在方法论上颇具差异性的三种研究范式,分别为后现代主义和后殖民理论批评潮流、以“文化生产(场域)”视角进行研究的范式和历史阐释学方法。在此之中,“现代性”、“现代”和“现代主义”的相互关系已经成为不断自我更新的理论焦点。本文介绍和评析这三种研究趋式的成败得失,并借此阐释现代中国的政治—社会现代性和文学现代性之间错综复杂的联系或曰有机关系。
The study of Chinese modern literature (and culture) in North America has undergone many profound changes since the “shift in theory” occurred in the late 1980s. This new state has led to a number of academic monographs named in a broad sense of “cultural studies.” There have also been three methodologically quite different paradigms of research, namely the critical trend in the postmodernist and postcolonial theories, The paradigm and historical hermeneutics of research conducted in the perspective of “cultural production (field)”. Among them, the interrelationship between “modernity”, “modernism” and “modernism” has become the theoretical focus of continuous self-renewal. This article introduces and evaluates the successes and failures of the three research trends and illustrates the intricate or organic relationship between the political-social modernity and the modernity of modern China.