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新第三纪沉积物连续分布在位于日本海东南部Sado岛Oosado山脉的两侧,以中中新统到上新统,Nakayama组由具纹理的、生物扰动的和块状的硅藻泥岩组成。纹理由白色层和黑色层组成并间夹0.02~1mm厚的灰色层。白色纹层主要由硅藻壳组成,而黑色纹层则由如硅藻、海绵骨针、硅鞭藻、放射虫、碎屑颗粒和有机质的混合物组成。生物扰动泥岩中具有Thalassionoides,Planolites,Zoophcos,Chondrites遗迹化石(生物钻孔)。
The Neogene sediments are continuously distributed on both sides of the Oosado range of Sado Island in southeastern Japan, from the Middle Miocene to the Pliocene, and the Nakayama Formation consists of textured, bioturbated and massive diatomaceous mudstones . The texture consists of a white layer and a black layer with a gray layer of 0.02 to 1 mm thick. The white layer consists mainly of frustules, while the black layer consists of a mixture of diatoms, sponge spicules, dichogans, radiolarians, detritus and organic matter. Bioturbation mudstone with Thalassionoides, Planolites, Zoophcos, Chondrites trace fossils (biorefinery).