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将无运动部件变焦技术引入空间光学相机的设计中,能够在不干扰卫星平台工况的情况下使空间相机在通过目标区域上空时获取蕴含有目标不同层次信息的图像,从而为后续的识别、判读甚至超分辨率重建提供依据。无运动部件变焦的关键在于:基于光学杠杆效应的光学设计和可以产生较大尺度曲率变化的变曲率反射镜。目前已设计出一种无运动部件变焦原型光学系统,其中变曲率反射镜的有效口径不超过100mm,初始曲率半径为1 740mm,且具备曲率增减双向变形能力。文章针对上述指标,设计了变曲率反射镜,并进行了有限元分析,利用具有高韧性、高抗拉断性以及高极限许用应力的碳纤维复合材料研制了反射镜,通过与13点高精度压电驱动器的集成,最终实现了变曲率镜的研制。试验结果表明,该球面变曲率镜可以实现1 705~1 760mm的曲率半径变化,对应的中心形变量接近23μm,优于国外同等规模器件所能达到的水平。
The technology of zooming without moving parts is introduced into the design of space optical camera, which can make the space camera acquire the image containing the different levels of target information when it passes over the target area without disturbing the working conditions of the satellite platform, Interpretation and even provide super-resolution reconstruction basis. The key to zooming without moving parts is the optical design based on the optical lever effect and the variable curvature mirror that produces large scale curvature changes. At present, a non-moving part zoom prototype optical system has been designed, in which the effective curvature of the variable curvature mirror does not exceed 100 mm, the initial radius of curvature is 1 740 mm, and the curvature has the ability of increasing or decreasing the two-way deformation. Aiming at the above indexes, a variable curvature mirror was designed and analyzed by finite element method. The mirror was developed by using carbon fiber composite material with high toughness, high breaking resistance and high limit allowable stress. Piezoelectric actuator integration, the final realization of the variable curvature mirror development. The experimental results show that the spherical curvature mirror can change the radius of curvature from 1 705 to 1 760 mm, and the corresponding center deformation is close to 23 μm, which is better than that of the same size devices abroad.