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为了探讨0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取铵态氮及在我国土壤上提取氮、磷、钾的效果,本研究采集我国各地土壤样品30份,用0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取,分别用流动分析、钼蓝比色和火焰光度法测定提取液中的无机氮、磷和钾的含量;同时,分别用1molL-1KCl和1molL-1中性醋酸铵提取土壤无机氮、钾;选择部分土样用盆栽试验测定土壤氮、磷和钾的有效性。将以上结果与0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取结果对比,结果表明,0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取的无机氮总量、磷和钾的数量与盆栽试验中植物氮、磷和钾的吸收数量均达到P<0.01的显著水平;0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取的无机氮数量约为1molL-1KCl的2倍,提取的铵态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮、无机氮总量均与1molL-1KCl提取的对应养分数量相关性达到P<0.01的显著水平;0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取的钾数量少于1molL-1中性醋酸铵。0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取铵态氮的数量与盆栽试验中植物氮吸收量之间达到P<0.05的显著水平。1molL-1KCl和1molL-1中性醋酸铵提取氮、钾数量与0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取的数量之比还受到土壤pH的影响。以上结果表明,0.5molL-1NaHCO3提取剂适合作为我国土壤的氮、磷、钾的联合提取剂,这种提取剂也可用于土壤铵态氮的提取。
In order to investigate the effect of 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 extraction of ammonium nitrogen and extraction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soils of our country, 30 soil samples from different parts of China were collected and extracted with 0.5molL-1NaHCO3. Flow analysis, molybdenum blue colorimetry And the content of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the extract were determined by flame photometry. At the same time, inorganic nitrogen and potassium were extracted by 1molL-1KCl and 1molL-1 neutral ammonium acetate, respectively. Some soil samples were selected for soil nitrogen , Phosphorus and potassium availability. The above results were compared with the results of 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 extraction. The results showed that the total amount of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium extracted by 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in pot experiment all reached P <0.01 The amount of inorganic nitrogen extracted by 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 was twice that of 1molL-1KCl, the total amount of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen extracted, the total amount of inorganic nitrogen extracted with 1molL-1KCl corresponding to the amount of nutrients The correlation reached a significant level of P <0.01; the amount of potassium extracted by 0.5 mol L-1NaHCO3 was less than 1 mol L-1 neutral ammonium acetate. The amount of ammonium nitrogen extracted by 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 and the nitrogen uptake of plants in pot experiment reached a significant level of P <0.05. The ratio of the amount of nitrogen and potassium extracted with 1molL-1KCl and 1molL-1 neutral ammonium acetate to the amount extracted with 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 was also affected by soil pH. The above results show that 0.5molL-1NaHCO3 extractant is suitable as a soil extractant of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium extract, this extractant can also be used for soil ammonium nitrogen extraction.