作为资源宝库的海洋,早就被人类当作获取食品的场所和交通贸易的通道,对其开发利用也有几千年的历史了。但是,在本世纪60年代以前仅限于“兴渔盐之利,行舟楫之便”的狭窄领域内,人们的海洋意识尚属淡薄。随着海洋科学技术发展的历史进程,海洋开发也从传统的“采集经济”进入了全面开发世界海洋的新阶段,海洋的地位和作用也就倍显重要。分析当前国內外海洋开发现状可以看出以下趋势和特 The ocean as a treasure trove of resources has long been regarded by human beings as a place for obtaining food and a gateway for traffic and trade. Its development and utilization have for thousands of years of history. However, until the 1960s, confined to the narrow field of “promoting the benefits of fishing and salt and moving the boat,” people’s awareness of the ocean was weak. With the historical development of marine science and technology, marine development has also entered a new stage of comprehensively developing the world’s oceans from the traditional “gathering economy,” and the status and role of the oceans will become more and more important. Analysis of the current status of marine development at home and abroad can be seen the following trends and special