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目的了解虹桥社区孕妇早期营养知识、态度、行为(knowledge-attiude-practice,KAP)现况,为开展社区孕期营养健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对2015年8—12月在虹桥社区早孕建册门诊建册的245名孕妇进行营养KAP现况调查。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本市户籍孕妇在孕期“吃得越贵、精、细”的食品对健康有利、你是否知道BMI、新生儿出生正常体重你知道吗、膳食中热能主要来源、孕期缺乏哪种营养素会发生贫血知晓率显著高于非本市户籍,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。本市户籍孕妇对“孕期营养知识兴趣与主动学习孕期相关营养知识”积极态度所占的比例高于非本市户籍孕妇,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。210名孕妇中能保证“孕期每天补充营养保健品、每天吃早餐”的行为习惯,分别占92.86%(195/210)和91.90%(193/210)。结论虹桥社区孕妇KAP现况有所欠缺,相关部门应积极开展孕早期营养宣教,加强孕期营养健康教育普及工作,提高孕妇营养状况,保障孕妇和胎儿的健康。
Objective To understand the status of knowledge-attiude-practice (KAP) of early pregnant women in Hongqiao Community and provide a theoretical basis for their nutrition and health education during pregnancy. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the status of nutritional KAP in 245 pregnant women who were registered in the early pregnancy screening clinic in Hongqiao community from August to December in 2015. Results: Measurement data were compared using t test, count data were compared using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results pregnant women in the city of pregnancy in pregnancy “eat more expensive, refined, fine ” food is good for health, do you know BMI, newborns birth weight? You know, the main source of dietary heat, what kind of nutrient is lacking during pregnancy The awareness of anemia will be significantly higher than non-city residence, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The city registered pregnant women on the “nutrition knowledge during pregnancy and active learning about pregnancy-related nutrition knowledge,” a positive attitude than the proportion of non-permanent residence of pregnant women, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Among 210 pregnant women, 92.86% (195/210) and 91.90% (193/210), respectively, were able to ensure that “every day of pregnancy supplements nutritional supplements and eat breakfast everyday”. Conclusions There are deficiencies in KAP status of pregnant women in Hongqiao community. Relevant departments should actively carry out nutrition education in early pregnancy, strengthen nutrition and health education during pregnancy, popularize nutritional status of pregnant women and ensure the health of pregnant women and fetuses.