肾盂肾炎是常见病,在育龄妇女中,每年有6%发生急性尿路感染,而其中约半数为肾盂肾炎,但却常漏诊和误诊。据报告,由尸解证实的肾盂肾炎,生前确诊者仅20%左右;国内资料,肾盂肾炎临床上诊误亦达17.5%。为提高临床警惕性及诊治水平,今将1952～1976年经尸检确诊为肾盂肾炎52例,其中误诊的31例(59.6%),分析报告如下。 Pyelonephritis is a common disease. In women of childbearing age, 6% of acute urinary tract infections occur every year, and about half of them are pyelonephritis, but they are often missed and misdiagnosed. According to the report, confirmed by the autopsy of pyelonephritis, before diagnosis of only about 20%; domestic data, the clinical diagnosis of pyelonephritis also reached 17.5%. In order to improve clinical vigilance and diagnosis and treatment, 526 cases of pyelonephritis were confirmed by autopsy from 1952 to 1976, of which 31 cases were misdiagnosed (59.6%). The analysis report is as follows.