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目的了解山区空巢老年2型糖尿病患者健康状况及影响因素,为社区干预提供依据。方法抽取浙江省丽水市15个街道/乡镇共30个行政村空巢老年糖尿病患者78例(空巢组),根据年龄和性别按1∶2比例抽取非空巢老年糖尿病患者156例(非空巢组),进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测;分析空巢因素对老年糖尿病患者的生活方式、血生化指标和慢性病患病率等的影响。结果多因素Logistic分析显示,调整年龄因素后,空巢组肥胖率(OR=0.563,95%CI:0.371~0.809)、甘油三酯异常率(OR=0.501,95%CI:0.310~0.795)、吃鱼/肉类≥4 d/周的比例(OR=0.579,95%CI:0.207~0.891)、血压知晓率(OR=0.598,95%CI:0.296~0.814)和血糖知晓率(OR=0.421,95%CI:0.302~0.799)相对较低(P<0.05);而空腹血糖异常率(OR=2.039,95%CI:1.013~3.572)、收缩压异常率(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.351~2.983)、缺乏锻炼率(OR=1.636,95%CI:1.432~3.356)、饮酒率(OR=3.572,95%CI:1.547~3.002)和高盐饮食率(OR=2.984,95%CI:1.692~3.571)相对较高(P<0.05)。结论空巢老年2型糖尿病患者血糖、血压控制情况相对较差,应积极给予个性化指导,改善空巢老年2型糖尿病患者的生活质量。
Objective To understand the health status and influencing factors of elderly patients with empty-nest type 2 diabetes mellitus in mountainous areas and provide basis for community intervention. Methods A total of 78 elderly patients with empty-nesraged diabetes (empty-nest group) were collected from 15 administrative villages in 15 streets / townships in Lishui City of Zhejiang Province. 156 patients with non-empty-aged elderly diabetic patients were selected according to age and sex Nest group), questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory tests; analysis of empty nest factors on elderly patients with diabetes lifestyle, blood biochemical indicators and the impact of chronic disease prevalence. Results The multivariate Logistic analysis showed that obesity rate (OR = 0.563, 95% CI: 0.371-0.809), abnormal triglyceride (OR = 0.501, 95% CI: 0.310-0.795) (OR = 0.579, 95% CI: 0.207-0.891), blood pressure awareness rate (OR = 0.598, 95% CI: 0.296-0.814) and blood glucose awareness rate (OR = 2.039, 95% CI: 1.013 ~ 3.572) and abnormal systolic pressure (OR = 1.832, 95% CI: 0.302-0.799) (OR = 1.636, 95% CI: 1.432-3.356), drinking rate (OR = 3.572, 95% CI: 1.547-3.002) and high salt diet (OR = 2.984, 95% CI: 1.351-2.983) : 1.692 ~ 3.571) were relatively higher (P <0.05). Conclusion The control of blood sugar and blood pressure in empty-nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is relatively poor. Individualized guidance should be given to improve the quality of life of empty-nest elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.