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水电站的混流型水轮机的转轮形式与水机进口导叶叶型是按恒定的理想流体运动设计的.在设计工况下,水轮机具有高效率,水流从辐向进入蜗壳,在经过转轮叶片时为无撞击进口与法向出口,水流从轴向离开转轮,并进入尾水管而流入下游.在设计工况下,导叶全开,并与水流方向相平行.如机组实际出力比设计额定出力为小,则它处于非设计工况.处于非设计工况是由两种原因所导致:一是机组水头的改变;二是机组过流量的改变.而过流量的改变则是通过机组导叶的开度改变来实现的.
The Francis turbine’s runner form and the water inlet guide vane are designed for a constant, ideal fluid motion. In design conditions, the turbine is highly efficient and the water flows from the spoke into the volute. After passing through the runner When the blade is no impact import and export, the water flow from the axial direction of the runner and into the draft tube and into the downstream.In the design conditions, the guide vane fully open, and parallel with the flow direction, such as the actual unit output ratio Design rated output is small, then it is in non-design condition.In non-design condition is caused by two reasons: First, the unit head changes; second is the unit over-flow changes .Overflow change is through The guide vane opening change to achieve.