多发性肌炎和皮肌炎属于自家免疫性疾患,四肢近端的肌肉有对称性无力、运动痛、挤压痛,血中由肌肉而来的GOT、LDH、CPK、醛缩酶等呈高值,可作为诊断的参考。肌电图有特殊的肌源性异常表现,受损肌肉的活检可见肌纤维变性、坏死及血管周围或间质纤维内有单核细胞浸润(淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞等)。一、多发性肌炎和皮肌炎的关系皮肌炎可并发双睑紫色皮疹及双手指间关节背部以Gottron征为特点的皮肤病变。多发性肌炎、皮肌炎的肌肉病变相同。但是,皮肌炎肌肉活检可见单核细胞浸润以血管为中心,波及间质,很少直接浸润肌纤维,萎缩的肌纤维接近间质的周围部位也比肌束中心部位明显,主要病变是间质有炎症。多发性肌炎存在单核细胞由 Polymyositis and dermatomyositis belong to autoimmune disorders. Systolic muscle weakness, pain and tenderness in the proximal limbs, GOT, LDH, CPK and aldolase in the blood are high Value, can be used as a diagnostic reference. EMG has a special myogenic abnormalities, muscle damage biopsy shows muscle fiber degeneration, necrosis and perivascular or interstitial fibrosis within the mononuclear cells (lymphocytes, macrophages, etc.). First, the relationship between polymyositis and dermatomyositis Dermatomyositis can be complicated by double eyelid purple rash and double-finger joints characterized by Gottron sign of skin lesions. Polymyositis, dermatomyositis muscle lesions the same. However, dermatomyositis muscle biopsy shows mononuclear cell infiltration of blood vessels as the center, affecting the stroma, rarely directly infiltrating myofibers, atrophy of the muscle fibers near the interstitial around the central part of the muscle bundle is also obvious, the main lesion is the interstitial Inflammation. Polymyositis is caused by mononuclear cells