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胚胎发育过程中的器官形成是一个复杂过程,不仅涉及到细胞间复杂的信号分子网络,而且与细胞间的空间作用力有关。尽管这一过程十分复杂,但仍可通过体外三维细胞培养重现这一过程的部分环节。结合复习文献,文中详细介绍了最近2个体外三维培养胚胎干细胞自发形成视杯和脑垂体样器官的研究,并比较总结了这2项研究的异同点,从而揭示局部自主模式如何推动器官生成。因此,体外细胞三维培养通过模拟体内细胞的生存和功能环境,为更好的理解细胞的结构、功能以及细胞-亚器官-器官间的相互关系提供了有力的实验工具和研究方法。
Organ formation during embryonic development is a complex process involving not only the complex network of signaling molecules between cells but also the intercellular space forces. Although this process is complex, parts of the process can still be reproduced by in vitro three-dimensional cell culture. Combined with the review literature, this paper describes the recent two in vitro three-dimensional culture of embryonic stem cells spontaneous formation of optic disc and pituitary-like organs of the study, and compared the similarities and differences between the two studies to reveal how local autonomic models promote organogenesis. Therefore, the in vitro cell three-dimensional culture provides a powerful experimental tool and research method for the better understanding of cell structure, function and cell-sub-organ-organ relationship by simulating the survival and functional environment of cells in vivo.