南昌起义打响了中国共产党武装反抗国民党反动派的第一枪,揭开了中国革命的新篇章。对于这次起义南下失败的原因,历来被人们看成主要是前敌委员会军事指挥的失误,而未涉及中央当时政治上的方针、政策问题。笔者认为,正是当时中央所作的南下广东战略决策的失误,从根本上招致了南昌起义部队南下的失败。本文就此试陈管见。一、起义军南下广东之经过南昌起义军取得胜利之后,前敌委员会遵照中央南下广东的决策,决定迅速离开南昌,挥师南进。于是,8月1日下午7时军事参谋团成员对南下路线的问题进行了讨论。大家讨论时针对是取道吉安、赣州攻占广州,还是取道临川、会昌南下广东东江这一 The Nanchang Uprising started the first shot of armed opposition by the Chinese Communist Party against the Kuomintang reactionaries and opened a new chapter in the Chinese revolution. The reason for the failure of this uprising southward has always been regarded as being mainly a mistake by the military commanders of the Former Eredivisie Committee but not related to the political principles and policies of the Central Committee at that time. The author believes that it was exactly the mistake made by the Central Government to make a strategic decision southward to Guangdong and fundamentally led to the failure of Nanchang’s uprising troops southward. This article on this test tube see. First, the rebel army south of Guangdong After the victory of the Nanchang rebel army, the former enemy committee in accordance with the decision of the Central South Guangdong, decided to quickly leave Nanchang, southward. Thus, on 1 August, at 7 p.m., members of the Military Staff Committee discussed the issue of the route to the south. We discuss the issue is to get through Ji’an, Ganzhou captured Guangzhou, or by Linchuan, Huichang south of Guangdong Dongjiang