论文部分内容阅读
一、男性生殖内分泌学简述(图1)下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴系有一个精确的反馈系统以调控男性(及女性)生殖及性功能,而下丘脑则为其综合机构,接受大脑神经递质,如多巴胺及神经肤(如内源性鸦片类)的影响,也接受睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E_2)及抑制素(可能)的影响。下丘脑中特殊神经原以脉冲方式分泌促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH),在正常男子,每90-150分钟有一个分泌高峰,从而使LH及FSH亦呈脉冲分泌。但FSH的半寿期较长,往往可掩盖脉冲的实质。同样,T分泌(间质细胞)也多少带有脉冲性质。此外,T还具有日夜节律,在4:00～8 :00时呈高峰,而于16:00～20:00处于低谷。高、低间的比例约4:3。成人每天分泌T约7mg(血浆浓度5～7ng/ml)。一部分T
A Brief Description of Male Reproductive Endocrinology (Figure 1) The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis has an accurate feedback system to regulate male and female reproductive and sexual functions, while the hypothalamus is its integrated body that receives the brain’s nerve Neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and neuro-skin (such as endogenous opioid), but also testosterone (T), estradiol (E_2) and inhibin (possible) effects. Special neurons in the hypothalamus produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulsating in a pulsatile manner. In normal men, there is a peak of secretion every 90-150 minutes, resulting in pulsatile secretion of LH and FSH. However, FSH half-life longer, often can mask the essence of the pulse. Similarly, T secretion (stromal cells) is also somewhat pulsed. In addition, T also has a day and night rhythm, peaked at 4: 00 ~ 8: 00, while at 16: 00 ~ 20: 00 at a low. High, low ratio of about 4: 3. Adult daily secretion of T about 7mg (plasma concentration of 5 ~ 7ng / ml). Part of T