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以我国温带主要阔叶树种水曲柳幼苗为对象,在长白山自然保护区海拔740 m和1200 m布设两处试验地,分别进行增水30%(+W)、减水30%(-W)和自然降水(CK)处理试验,分析植株生长和叶片光合作用参数、可溶性蛋白和光合色素含量,以及降水和温度变化对水曲柳光合作用的影响.结果表明:温度变化对水曲柳幼苗生长和光合生理指标的影响显著,与海拔1200 m样地相比,海拔740 m样地3个处理水曲柳幼苗的基径、株高、叶片叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量显著增加,胡萝卜素含量降低;叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和气孔限制值均显著升高,而胞间CO2浓度和叶片水分利用效率显著降低.水曲柳幼苗光合能力的下降归因于非气孔因素限制.降水变化对水曲柳幼苗生长及光合作用的影响均不显著.
Taking two broadleaved species of temperate main broadleaved tree species in China as test objects, two test sites were set up in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve at an altitude of 740 m and 1200 m, respectively, with 30% (+ W) and 30% (- W) The effects of temperature on the photosynthesis of Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings and the effects of temperature and precipitation on the photosynthesis of Fraxinus mandshurica were studied.The results showed that: Photosynthetic physiological indices had significant effects. Compared with the elevation of 1200 m, the basal diameter, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content and soluble protein content increased significantly and the carotenoid content decreased in the three treatments of 740 m above sea level at the elevation of 740 m. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and stomatal limitation were significantly increased, while the intercellular CO2 concentration and leaf water use efficiency were significantly decreased. The decline of photosynthetic capacity was attributed to the non-stomatal limitation. Changes had no significant effect on the growth and photosynthesis of Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings.