关于由解释和适用公约所引起的争端,《联合国海洋法公约》(以下简称《公约》)制定了一整套解决程序,并把某些类型的争端作为例外。这些例外大都是由于各国不愿意将涉及其重大利益的一些争端交由第三方裁判。这里首先扼要地介绍一下一般程序,然后指出例外。 (一)调解根据《公约》第279条,“各缔约国应按照联合国宪章第2条第3项以和平方法解决 With regard to disputes arising from the interpretation and application of the Convention, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (the “Convention”) sets out a set of settlement procedures with the exception of certain types of disputes. These exceptions are mostly due to the unwillingness of States to refer some of the disputes concerning their vital interests to third-party judgments. Here is a brief overview of the general procedure, and then indicate the exception. (A) Mediation Pursuant to article 279 of the Convention, "Each State Party shall solve the matter by peaceful means in accordance with Article 2, paragraph 3, of the Charter of the United Nations