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为了解军校学员结核感染情况，采用流行病学调查，结核菌素试验及Ｘ线检查方法，对某军校１４４７名学员进行了调查。结果显示，ＰＰＤ阳性率（＋，＋＋）５８．８％（８５１／１４４７），结核感染率５１．１％（４９８／９５５）。学员中农村户口占７３．２％（１０５９／１４４７）；农村户口者ＰＰＤ阳性率５３．２％（５６３／１０５９），城镇户口者为６６．５％（２５８／３８８），二者差异高度显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。来自不同地区学员ＰＰＤ阳性率由高到低为：东北＞华东＞华南＞华北＞西南＞西北，它们之间差异多较显著，东北学员居首，占７９．２％（１８３／２３１），入校第１学年时ＰＰＤ阳性率为５０．５％（２７４／５４３），与第２学年６０．１％（３２２／５３６），第３学年６０．９％（１７３／２８４）差异高度显著，第２、３学年之间无差异。结果提示，学员在第一学年自然感染率最高，结核病的防治工作应重点放在第１学年。
In order to understand the tuberculosis infection among cadets, epidemiological survey, tuberculin test and X-ray examination were used to investigate 1,447 students in a military academy. The results showed that the positive rate of PPD (+, ++) was 58.8% (851/1447), and the infection rate of tuberculosis was 51.1% (498/955). Among the trainees, 73.2% (1059/1447) were rural residents, 53.2% (563/1059) were rural residents, and 66.5% (258/388) were urban residents. The difference between the two was highly significant (P <0.01). The positive rates of PPD from different regions were as follows: Northeast China> East China> South China> North China> Southwest China> Northwest China. The differences among them were significant, with northeast trainees accounting for 79.2% (183/231) The positive rate of PPD was 50.5% (274/543) in the first year, which was significantly higher than 60.1% (322/536) in the second year and 60.9% (173/284) in the third year, while the second No difference between the three school years. The results suggest that the highest natural infection rate of students in the first academic year, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis should focus on the first school year.