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翻译是语言之间的转换,更是文化之间的交流,这是翻译的基本性质。翻译与文化始终有着千丝万缕的联系。语言是文化的组成部分,同时又是文化的载体。然而,使用不同语言的民族之间必然存在文化差异,而这种差异就构成了翻译的障碍。从这个意义上说,翻译的目的之一就是要在原文和译文之间建立文化对等。《红楼梦》是一部有着丰富的中国传统文化内涵的经典著作,这为讨论文化问题提供了大量的素材。对比霍克斯和杨宪益、戴乃迭(以下简称杨、戴)分别译著的两个版本,从宗教文化、地域文化和习俗文化几个方面,简要分析《红楼梦》英译本对文化差异的处理。
Translation is the conversion between languages, but also cultural exchanges, which is the basic nature of translation. Translation and culture always have inextricably linked. Language is an integral part of culture and at the same time a carrier of culture. However, there must be cultural differences among peoples using different languages, and this difference constitutes an obstacle to translation. In this sense, one of the purposes of translation is to establish a cultural equivalence between the original and the translated text. A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic book rich in traditional Chinese culture, which provides a great deal of material for discussing cultural issues. This article compares two versions translated respectively by Hawkes, Yang Xianyi and Dai Naidi (hereinafter referred to as Yang Dai), and analyzes briefly the cultural differences between English version of A Dream of Red Mansions and religious culture, regional culture and custom culture .