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目的探讨流行性腮腺炎患者的流行病学及临床特点。方法回顾性分析本溪市传染病医院2008年1月至2012年12月收治的5 249例流行性腮腺炎患者的临床资料。结果 5 249例病例男性3 236例,女性2 013例,男女比例为1.6∶1;发病主要集中在冬春季节;以6~19岁为高发年龄段,占93.6%;有明确流行性腮腺炎病人接触史者4 041例(77.0%),1 102例(21.0%)诉周边环境有流行性腮腺炎患者,但否认直接接触史,106例(2.0%)无明确接触史;明确有接种史的2 047例(39.0%),未接种者2 415例(46.0%),接种史不详者787例(15.0%);发生并发症者1 398例(26.6%)。所有病例均治愈或好转出院,住院6~21 d,平均9 d。结论对易感人群的疫苗接种是控制流行性腮腺炎发病和流行的重要措施;对腮腺炎病人的早发现、早治疗有利于减少并发症的发生及降低病情严重程度。
Objective To investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of mumps. Methods The clinical data of 5 249 mumps patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital of Benxi from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 5 249 cases were 3 236 male and 2 013 female, the male-female ratio was 1.6:1. The incidence mainly concentrated in the winter and spring seasons; the age ranged from 6 to 19 years, accounting for 93.6%; and mumps There were 4 041 (77.0%) and 102 (21.0%) patients with history of exposure to mumps in the peripheral area. However, history of direct contact was denied and 106 patients (2.0%) had no history of exposure; there was a clear history of vaccination , 2 415 (39.0%) were un-vaccinated, 2 415 (46.0%) were unvaccinated and 787 (15.0%) were unidentified, while 1 398 (26.6%) had complications. All cases were cured or better discharged, hospitalized 6 ~ 21 d, an average of 9 d. Conclusion Vaccination of susceptible population is an important measure to control the incidence and prevalence of mumps. Early detection and early treatment of mumps patients are helpful to reduce the incidence of complications and reduce the severity of the disease.