飞秒激光成丝现象已经开创了从纯物理到应用研究的许多新的科学研究领域,其中包括源于量子和经典物理的多个应用研究。飞秒光丝中的新现象,例如激光强度钳制效应、空气激光、粒子数捕获、分子排列、分子超激发态、光丝诱导降雪、光丝化学等等,开辟了令人振奋的、多学科交叉新领域。激光强度钳制效应是一个复杂的物理现象,结果可以形成一个非常稳定的相互作用状态。粒子数束缚、分子排列、转动及其周期性可被用于脉冲太赫兹辐射的远程探测。光丝中的空气激光现象看起来像是一种新的激发机制,例如,光丝中激光强度可以把氮气和二氧化碳分子激发到一种粒子数反转的状态。与此同时,这种光丝诱导激光现象(或粒子数反转)在空气中“污染分子”形成的分子碎片中也被观察到。利用单一激光,通过探测特征荧光来远程识别污染物、气体或者固体样品已经至少在原理上得到证实。光丝诱导沉积现象已经在云室中变成现实。最后讨论了光丝研究领域未来的挑战以及光丝化学为光丝研究提供的一个新的机遇。 Femtosecond laser filament formation has pioneered many new areas of scientific research, from purely physical to applied research, including several applied research stemming from quantum and classical physics. New phenomena in femtosecond lightwaves, such as laser intensity-clamping effects, air lasers, particle capture, molecular alignment, molecular super-excited states, silk-induced snowfall, silk chemistry, etc., have created exciting, multidisciplinary Cross the new field. Laser intensity clamping effect is a complex physical phenomenon, the result can form a very stable interaction state. Particle number binding, molecular alignment, rotation and their periodicity can be used for the remote detection of pulsed terahertz radiation. The air laser in a filament looks like a new excitation mechanism. For example, the intensity of a laser in a filament can excite nitrogen and carbon dioxide molecules into a state where the number of particles is reversed. In the meantime, this light-induced laser phenomenon (or inversion of the number of particles) is also observed in molecular fragments formed in the air by “contaminating molecules.” By using a single laser to remotely detect contaminants by detecting characteristic fluorescence, gas or solid samples have been validated at least in principle. Light-induced deposition has become a reality in the cloud. Finally, the future challenges in the field of photo-filament research and the new opportunities offered by the filament chemistry for the study of photo-filaments are discussed.