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一、军转民的目标与环境将国防工业多余的生产能力转移到国民经济领域,是对我国工业结构的一次较大规模的调整。其目标是实现国家资源的合理配置,提高国防工业和国民经济效益,同时促进国家产业结构合理化,增强高技术产业的物质技术基础。军工企业转产民品,面临着有计划商品经济的新环境。自1979年开始的我国经济体制改革以来,在两个方面发生了比较显著的变化:一是企业有了一定的自主权。企业作为相对独立的商品生产者和经营者的责任、权限和利益逐步明确。在国家计划指导下,企业有权根据自身的情况和市场状况,制定生产经营计划,决定产品购销、资金使用、价格浮动、横向联合、干部任免、职工录用,以及奖惩等。企业自主权的扩大,意味着国
I. The Objectives and Environment of Turning Military Areas to People The transfer of the extra production capacity of the defense industry to the field of national economy is a relatively large-scale adjustment of China’s industrial structure. Its goal is to achieve the rational allocation of national resources and enhance the national defense industry and national economic benefits while promoting the rationalization of the national industrial structure and enhancing the material and technological basis of high-tech industries. The transformation of civilian products by military industrial enterprises faces a new environment of planned commodity economy. Since our country’s economic system reform began in 1979, significant changes have taken place in two aspects: First, enterprises have certain autonomy. The responsibility, authority and interest of enterprises as relatively independent producers and operators of commodities are gradually clarified. Under the guidance of the state plan, the enterprise has the right to formulate a production and business plan according to its own conditions and market conditions, and decide on the purchase and sale of products, the use of funds, the fluctuation of prices, the horizontal unification, the appointment and dismissal of cadres, the employment of employees, and rewards and punishments. The expansion of business autonomy means the country